Subtraction

Subtraction
Subtractioin (Front Cover)
Publisher(s)	Milliken
Original Retail Price	$39.95
Programmer(s)	John C. Plaster
Part#	PHM 3091
Format(s)	Solid State SoftwareTM Command Module
Release	1982 (4th Quarter)
Genre(s)	Educational, Mathematics

Advertising Blurb

Front of User Manual

A self-paced subtraction "tutor" to help your child develop strong math skills to meet today's and tomorrow's challenges. Suitable for children from kindergarten through grade eight.

Manual

Manual

A Note to Parents

Children need strong math skills to solve today's and tomorrow's problems. The Milliken Math Sequences, along with the Tl Home Computer, can help your child meet these challenges. The series allows children to work at their own pace and on the skill level at which they need practice. Children find that learning with the computer is fun, challenging, and motivating. The computer never tires of repetition or loses patience-it's like having a private math tutor!

The Milliken Math Sequences, developed for Texas Instruments by Milliken Publishing Company, consists of twelve Solid State Cartridges. Each cartridge concentrates on a different skill area in mathematics, such as addition, subtraction, decimals, or fractions. By providing different levels of difficulty, the series is suitable for children from the kindergarten age through grade eight.

The Subtraction cartridge is divided into 54 levels of difficulty, covering material generally taught in kindergarten through grade six. The program provides practice in subtracting whole numbers (numbers with no fractional part). Children begin subtracting one-digit numbers and advance level by level until they work problems involving five-digit numbers. Problems are presented both vertically and horizontally. At certain levels children practice "regrouping" ("borrowing") of numbers from one column to another.

The Subtraction cartridge offers several special features that increase its motivational and reinforcement value:

■ Colorful, rewarding graphics and sound effects that appear in response to correct answers.

■ An unintimidating, try-again approach to incorrect answers.

■ A progress report posted at the bottom of the screen.

■ Periodic reviews to maintain skill mastery.

■ A "help" feature that displays the problem step by step until the final answer is found.

■ Advancement to the next level if problems are answered correctly, or automatic return to a lower level if your child needs more practice.

■ A special regrouping feature to help students understand the concept of borrowing from one column to another.

■ Report screens personalized with your child's name at the end of each level's activities.

■ An "Exit" screen with a complete report on your child's score at the end of the work session.

Your Child and the Computer

The Texas Instruments computer is a rugged, durable device designed for easy use and care. Teach your child to give the computer the same good care and respect he or she would give a television set, record player, or any piece of electronic equipment:

1. Keep snacks and beverages away from the console.

2. Don't hammer on the keyboard or place heavy objects on it.

3. Don't touch the cartridge contacts. These are recessed in the cartridge to help prevent accidental soiling and/or damage.

The letters and numbers on the keyboard are arranged in the same order found on standard typewriter keyboards. If your child is not familiar with a typewriter or has not used the computer before, take a few minutes to acquaint him or her with the keyboard. Point out the row of number keys at the top and the rows of letter keys below. Show your child how to insert the cartridge and how to select the activities. This brief "tour" of the computer will help reinforce the correct procedures for your child and instill confidence as he or she starts out in a new world of computers.

Today computers are involved in almost every aspect of life. Working with this cartridge can help your child become familiar with computers and their operation. Since computer-aided instruction is more common in the classroom every year, this knowledge can give your child an important advantage.

A Sample Activity

For easy use, directions are displayed on the screen throughout all the levels. This sample activity, however, can help to illustrate the way the program works.

Let's Begin

When the Milliken title screen appears, press any key to begin. The screen then prompts you to enter the Beginning Level. Select any level from 1 to 54 by typing the number and then pressing ENTER. For this example, press 3 and ENTER. Next, the screen asks for Name. Type your child's name (up to ten letters long) and then presses ENTER.

Now a subtraction problem is displayed on the screen. A flashing question mark shows where the answer will go, and the directions on the screen tell you to "Enter the correct number." A progress report appears across the bottom of the screen, with the following meanings:

PL = Problem Level

TC = Total Correct

TP = Total Problems

AVG = Average

As your child works through the problems, these figures are updated to report his or her progress. TC, TP, and AVG are automatically reset to zero at the beginning of each level.

Entering Answers

Let your child answer a few problems as you observe. He or she simply presses the correct number from the top row of keys. If the answer to be entered is more than one digit, the right-most digit must be entered first, as indicated by the flashing question mark. In other words, problems must be solved from right to left, just as they would be in the traditional pencil-and-paper method. This method reinforces the correct order of problem solution. (When selecting Beginning Level numbers, enter from left to right.)

Downloads

• 

  Subtraction Manual Cover

• 

  Subtraction Title Screen

• 

  Subtraction Manual Complete (pdf format)

• 

  Subtraction Rom (rpk format)

External Links

• TI99DB: Cartridge Details: Laws of Arithmetic
• TI99ers On-line User Group: Cartridges: L
• TI-99ers On-line User Group: TI-99 Cartridge Listing