Difference between revisions of "Addition and Subtraction 2"
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===Sample Activity=== | ===Sample Activity=== | ||
After the Addition and Subtraction 2 title screen appears, the computer automatically displays a selection list of the nine activities included in the module. | After the Addition and Subtraction 2 title screen appears, the computer automatically displays a selection list of the nine activities included in the module. | ||
| − | Your child presses the number corresponding to the activity he or she wants to try. For this sample activity, press 3 for Addition Facts. (We'll assume that the Speech Synthesizer is attached for this example.) | + | Your child presses the number corresponding to the activity he or she wants to try. For this sample activity, press '''3''' for Addition Facts. (We'll assume that the Speech Synthesizer is attached for this example.) |
After the activity title screen, the tutorial segment begins. Two sets of objects in two different colors appear on a divided display. Identifying numbers are printed below each group. | After the activity title screen, the tutorial segment begins. Two sets of objects in two different colors appear on a divided display. Identifying numbers are printed below each group. | ||
| Line 80: | Line 80: | ||
The second example, when the sum of the addends is greater than 10, follows automatically. The objects move up to form the number bar. Next, the tens bar, the number 10, the corresponding units bar, and that number are displayed. The number 10 then moves across and adds the units to itself, and the total moves down into the answer block. | The second example, when the sum of the addends is greater than 10, follows automatically. The objects move up to form the number bar. Next, the tens bar, the number 10, the corresponding units bar, and that number are displayed. The number 10 then moves across and adds the units to itself, and the total moves down into the answer block. | ||
| − | The next display asks your child if he or she would like to see another example. If your child wants another example, press 1 for "Yes." If he or she is ready to go to the drill, press 2 for "No." For now, press 2. Then press BEGIN to leave the drill and return to the activity selection list. | + | The next display asks your child if he or she would like to see another example. If your child wants another example, press '''1''' for "Yes." If he or she is ready to go to the drill, press '''2''' for "No." For now, press '''2'''. Then press '''BEGIN''' to leave the drill and return to the activity selection list. |
| + | |||
| + | ===Special Features=== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Cursor==== | ||
| + | The "cursor" is displayed as a white box with a flashing red border. It prompts your child to respond. When the cursor is flashing, you may answer a problem or change displays. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Rewards==== | ||
| + | Each time your child gives a correct answer on the first or second try, the computer responds with one of three visual rewards accompanied by a short tune. Also, in Activity 9 a gold star appears on the screen each time your child answers a set of problems correctly. These rewards reinforce correct answers and help motivate your child to continue. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Error Signals==== | ||
| + | Special care has been taken to make the response to incorrect answers low-key and non-intimidating. If your child presses an incorrect answer, a red "X" appears over the response, and an "uh-oh" sound tells your child that he or she has selected an incorrect response. Then, the incorrect response and the "X" erase. Next, the computer tells your child to "Try again" and the cursor flashes again on the display. If the second response is correct, your child gets the visual and musical | ||
| + | reward for that activity. If the second response is incorrect, a red "X" appears over the response and the computer supplies the correct answer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Remediation==== | ||
| + | In activities 1 through 7, your child has two chances to answer each problem in the drill segment. After the second incorrect response, the computer works through the problem step-by-step, showing how to arrive at the answer. In activities 8 and 9, the computer moves to a tutorial example after one incorrect response. Following activities 8 and 9, a list of up to 32 problems which were answered incorrectly appears with the message "Study these for next time!" | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====Time Out==== | ||
| + | The computer says and displays "Your turn" at the beginning of each drill activity. If no response is given in ten seconds, the computer gives a short beep and says "Your turn." After five more seconds, the computer beeps again and says "What is the number?" If there is still no response, the computer automatically provides more tutorial review. If the Speech Synthesizer is not attached, the computer gives a short beep and displays either "Your turn" or "What is the number?" | ||
=External Links= | =External Links= | ||
Revision as of 05:42, 8 March 2020
| Addition and Subtraction 2 | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Addition and Subtraction 2 (Front Cover) | |
| Publisher(s) | Scott Foresman |
| Programmer(s) | Thomas Hartsig |
| Part# | PHM 3028 |
| Format(s) | Solid State SoftwareTM Command Module |
| Release | 1981 (2nd Quarter) |
| Genre(s) | Educational, Mathematics |
Addition and Subtraction 2 is an educational title developed by Scott Foresman Electronic Publishing for the TI-99/4A home computer system. Addition and Subtraction 2 builds upon the concepts found in Addition and Subtraction 1. It introduces two-digit addition and subtraction whereas, the first volume in the series limits learning to 1 digit arithmetic. It was released during the second quarter of 1981 and distributed on the Solid State SoftwareTM Command Module (aka, cartridge). Addition and Subtraction 2 is also able to take advantage of the add-on Solid State SpeechTM Synthesizer (sold separately) to enhance the educational experience of the program.
Contents
Advertising Blurb
Front Cover of Manual
Addition and Subtraction 2 guides your child through the addition and subtraction skills for numbers up to 18 with colorful tutorial routines and reinforcing drills.
Back Cover of Manual
The Addition and Subtraction 2 module extends the fundamentals of these two skills to include numbers up to 18. The activities have been designed not only to challenge your child, but also to present the concepts in a dynamic, exciting way. With Addition and Subtraction 2, Texas Instruments is continuing its tradition of applying innovative Solid State SpeechTM technology to educational activities. The optional Solid State SpeechTM Synthesizer (sold separately) adds the feature of computer speech to the color graphics and musical sounds of your computer. Your child can now hear, as well as see, the instructions and problems in the module.
Manual
Introduction
This Solid State SoftwareTM Command Module is designed to be used with the Texas Instruments Home Computer. Its preprogrammed solid-state memory expands the power, versatility, and capability of your Home Computer.
Copyright © 1981 Texas Instruments Incorporated
Command Module program and data base contents
copyright © 1981 Scott, Foresman and Company.
See important warranty information at back of book.
Note to Parents
Children need strong math skills to solve today's and tomorrow's problems. The Addition and Subtraction 2 Solid State Software™ Command Module provides the fundamentals that can help your child meet these challenges.
Building on the skills introduced in Addition and Subtraction 1, the Addition and Subtraction 2 module was developed by the staff of Scott, Foresman and Company in cooperation with the Texas Instruments Learning Center. The activities are designed not only to challenge your child with colorful, interesting practices, but also to present the concepts of addition and subtraction in a dynamic, exciting way. Each instructional activity begins with a tutorial segment that demonstrates the concept, followed by the option of continuing the tutorial exercises or progressing to the practice drills. This method allows children to gain confidence and proceed at their own self-determined paces.
The module contains nine addition and subtraction activities.
- COUNTING TO 10 begins the module with a review of the counting numbers 0 (zero) to 10.
- NUMBERS FROM 10 TO 18 provides an introduction to the counting numbers 10 to 18.
- ADDITION FACTS explains addition in the horizontal format.
- ADD ANOTHER WAY provides your child with a smooth and logical transition into vertical addition problems.
- ADD THREE NUMBERS uses number bars to explain the horizontal addition of three numbers.
- ADD IN A COLUMN changes the three-addend horizontal problem to the vertical format.
- SUBTRACTION FACTS demonstrates subtracting a single-digit number from a double-digit number.
- SUBTRACT ANOTHER WAY shows your child the subtraction process in the vertical structure.
- REVIEW THE FACTS gives your child an opportunity to practice all of the skills taught in the module. Also included in this activity is an EXTRA FOR EXPERTS for the child who answers 20 or more review problems correctly.
The Addition and Subtraction 2 module advances your child to more difficult drills according to the number of correct responses given in each activity. The computer automatically advances to the next activity if your child answers 80 percent of the drill problems correctly. If less than 60 percent of the problems are answered correctly, the computer returns to the appropriate activity, providing your child with more practice. This automation helps alleviate anxieties caused by consistently incorrect responses, making the learning of mathematical skills a pleasurable and rewarding experience.
With this module, Texas Instruments continues its tradition of applying innovative Solid State Speech TM technology to educational activities. Addition and Subtraction 2 is designed to work with or without the Texas Instruments Solid State SpeechTM Synthesizer (sold separately). However, the Speech Synthesizer must be attached to activate the voice of the computer. The computer's voice then gives directions, reads the equations, and encourages your child to "Try again" when he or she gives an incorrect answer. The addition of speech strengthens the learning process since your child can hear, as well as see, the correct answers.
Your Child and the Computer
The Texas Instruments Home Computer is a rugged, durable device designed for easy use and care. Teach your child to give the computer the same good care and respect he or she would give a television set, record player, radio, or any piece of electronic equipment:
- Keep snacks and beverages away from the console.
- Don't hammer on the keyboard or place heavy objects on it.
- Don't touch the module contacts. These are recessed in the module to help prevent accidental soiling and/or damage.
The letters and numbers on the keyboard are arranged in the same order found on standard typewriter keyboards. If your child is not familiar with a typewriter or has not used your Home Computer before, take a few minutes to acquaint him or her with the keyboard. Point out the row of number keys at the top and the rows of letter keys below. Show your child how to insert the module and how to select the activities. This brief "tour" of the Computer will help reinforce the correct procedures for your child and instill confidence as he or she starts out in a new world of computers.
Today, computers are involved in almost every aspect of life. Working with this module can help your child become familiar with computers and their operation. Since computer-aided instruction is more common in the classroom every year, this knowledge can give your child an important advantage.
Sample Activity
After the Addition and Subtraction 2 title screen appears, the computer automatically displays a selection list of the nine activities included in the module. Your child presses the number corresponding to the activity he or she wants to try. For this sample activity, press 3 for Addition Facts. (We'll assume that the Speech Synthesizer is attached for this example.)
After the activity title screen, the tutorial segment begins. Two sets of objects in two different colors appear on a divided display. Identifying numbers are printed below each group.
Next, the objects from the groups move up, forming a tens number bar in the middle of the display. Then, as the tens bar and the number 10 appear at the top of the screen, the open addition sentence forms at the bottom.
The number 10 now travels to the right across the top of the display, and then moves down into the answer block.
The second example, when the sum of the addends is greater than 10, follows automatically. The objects move up to form the number bar. Next, the tens bar, the number 10, the corresponding units bar, and that number are displayed. The number 10 then moves across and adds the units to itself, and the total moves down into the answer block.
The next display asks your child if he or she would like to see another example. If your child wants another example, press 1 for "Yes." If he or she is ready to go to the drill, press 2 for "No." For now, press 2. Then press BEGIN to leave the drill and return to the activity selection list.
Special Features
Cursor
The "cursor" is displayed as a white box with a flashing red border. It prompts your child to respond. When the cursor is flashing, you may answer a problem or change displays.
Rewards
Each time your child gives a correct answer on the first or second try, the computer responds with one of three visual rewards accompanied by a short tune. Also, in Activity 9 a gold star appears on the screen each time your child answers a set of problems correctly. These rewards reinforce correct answers and help motivate your child to continue.
Error Signals
Special care has been taken to make the response to incorrect answers low-key and non-intimidating. If your child presses an incorrect answer, a red "X" appears over the response, and an "uh-oh" sound tells your child that he or she has selected an incorrect response. Then, the incorrect response and the "X" erase. Next, the computer tells your child to "Try again" and the cursor flashes again on the display. If the second response is correct, your child gets the visual and musical reward for that activity. If the second response is incorrect, a red "X" appears over the response and the computer supplies the correct answer.
Remediation
In activities 1 through 7, your child has two chances to answer each problem in the drill segment. After the second incorrect response, the computer works through the problem step-by-step, showing how to arrive at the answer. In activities 8 and 9, the computer moves to a tutorial example after one incorrect response. Following activities 8 and 9, a list of up to 32 problems which were answered incorrectly appears with the message "Study these for next time!"
Time Out
The computer says and displays "Your turn" at the beginning of each drill activity. If no response is given in ten seconds, the computer gives a short beep and says "Your turn." After five more seconds, the computer beeps again and says "What is the number?" If there is still no response, the computer automatically provides more tutorial review. If the Speech Synthesizer is not attached, the computer gives a short beep and displays either "Your turn" or "What is the number?"
